Design and prediction for highly efficient SO2 capture from flue gas by imidazolium ionic liquids

An efficient method for prediction in the capture of SO2 from flue gas by imidazolium ionic liquids was reported, where the concentration of SO2 is 2000 ppm. On the basis of quantitative calculations through a combination of Langmuir simulation, theoretical calculation and quantum chemical method, SO2 absorption and desorption performance from flue gas by twelve kinds of imidazolium ionic liquids with different anions were designed and predicted. Then, among them, five kinds of imidazolium ionic liquids were chosen and prepared to investigate their behavior of SO2 absorption capacity, desorption residue, and available absorption capacity. The results indicated that the experimental values were in good agreement with the predicted values. Thus, an ideal ionic liquid [Emim][Tetz] was obtained through the predictive method for the capture of SO2 of 2000 ppm, which showed high available absorption capacity of 0.24 g SO2 per g ionic liquid and excellent reversibility.     

Fe3O4@SA/GO凝胶球的制备及对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能

以海藻酸钠为骨架,结合Fe3O4及氧化石墨烯制备了Fe3O4@SA/GO复合凝胶球.采用SEM、FT-IR、XRD、VSM等对制备的材料进行了表征分析,并且考察了Fe3O4@SA/GO对水中亚甲基蓝的吸附性能.结果 表明:Fe3O4@SA/GO凝胶球空隙较多,表面含有丰富的羧基、羟基等含氧官能团;材料磁性能良好,饱和磁化强度达到了17.88 emu·g-1,具有超顺的磁性;在25℃、pH=9的条件下,投加量为1 g·L-1的吸附剂对100mg·L-1亚甲基蓝吸附300 min,吸附率达到了92.4％,吸附量可达94 mg·g-1;吸附过程相对符合伪一级动力学方程,吸附过程偏向于物理吸附;Langmuir等温模型能够更好地反应吸附平衡,吸附以表面单层覆盖为主,最大吸附量为452 mg·g-1;在相同条件下,Fe3O4@SA/GO对混合液中亚甲基蓝的吸附效果优于碱性品红;该吸附剂具有良好的循环利用性能,5次脱附循环使用后对亚甲基蓝的吸附率依旧保持在70％以上.以上研究结果可为处理印染废水提供参考.     

华阴市畜牧业生产的现状及发展对策研究

本文在分析华阴市畜牧业发展的现状、存在问题和发展潜力的基础上 ,提出了华阴市实现畜牧业由“哑铃型”向“纺锤型”转变的可持续发展对策和政策建议     

Magnetic particle technology in environmental remediation and wildlife rehabilitation

The use of magnetic particles in environmental remediation and wildlife rehabilitation is currently under investigation at Victoria University, in collaboration with the Phillip Island Research Centre, Victoria, Australia. Iron powder has been shown to be very effective for the magnetic cleansing of feathers and plumage and is almost ideal for this purpose, being non-toxic, a non-irritant and recyclable. Detailed investigations have demonstrated that by varying particle size, particle structure and surface texture, the efficacy of oil removal from feathers and plumage can be successfully manipulated. In this regard, it is possible to identify a grade of iron powder whereby, within experimental error, effectively 100% removal of a variety of fresh contaminants from different matrices, including feathers, can be achieved. Our investigations have been extended to the application of such particles to the successful removal of tarry and weathered/tarry contamination. The results of these investigations have indicated that, for such contaminants, removals ranging from 97–99% may be achieved. Magnetic particle technology may also be adapted for the screening of pre-conditioning agents that can further assist in the removal of tarry and weathered/tarry contamination from feathers. These investigations suggest that magnetic particles could have an important role to play in environmental remediation and wildlife rehabilitation as a clean and effective technology.     

Attached cultivation of Scenedesmus sp. LX1 on selected solids and the effect of surface properties on attachment

Attachment of Scenedesmus sp. LX1 was tested on certain materials. A criterion for selection of materials was used to choose seven materials. The amount of S. sp. LX1 attached on polyurethane foam was 51.74 mg/L. Materials’ surface influenced the attachment of microalgae. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties also affected the attachment of S. sp. LX1. Attached cultivation systems in the literature do not present a methodology to screen materials for microalgal growth. Hence, a method is needed to find suitable materials for attached cultivation that may enhance attachment of microalgae. In this paper, we have tested seven materials culturing Scenedesmus sp. LX1 (S. sp. LX1) to evaluate the attachment of microalgae on the material surface, its growth in suspension phase and the properties of the materials. Two materials showed attachment of S. sp. LX1, polyurethane foam and loofah sponge, and allowed microalgae to grow both in the surface of the material and suspended phase. Polyurethane foam proved to be a good material for attachment of S. sp. LX1 and the amount of attached microalgae obtained was 51.73 mg/L when adding 100 pieces/L. SEM images showed that the surface and the pore size of the materials affected the attachment of the microalgae, increasing its attachment in scaffold-like materials. Furthermore, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the materials also affected the attachment of microalgae. This research can be used as a methodology to search for the assessment of a material suitable for attachment of microalgae.     

气候变化背景下我国森林火灾灾害的响应特征及展望

系统阐述了气候变化对森林火灾灾害的影响,论述了当前发生的以气候变暖为主要特征的气候变化背景下,森林火灾灾害对气候变化的响应特征,重点剖析了火行为对气候变化的响应,火险天气与防火期对气候变化的响应,火周期对气候变化的响应。并提出了气候变暖背景下实现碳减排增汇效应的科学的林火管理策略与合理林火管理路径。最后对今后尚需加强的一些重点研究领域及发展方向进行了展望。     

岩溶流域土地利用变化对地下水水质的影响——以云南小江流域为例

利用1982、2003年土地利用现状图、地下水水质资料和监测数据,在GIS支持下,研究云南小江岩溶流域20年来的土地利用变化及其水文环境效应。结果表明:20年来,流域610.12km₂的土地利用面积发生变化;土地利用变化的主要过程是由未利用地向耕地和林地以及林地向耕地的转化;土地利用的空间格局发生很大变化,空间格局指数有不同程度的增加或减少;地下水水质的变化与土地利用变化表现出动态一致性,林地和未利用地转变为耕地后,地下水的总硬度、总碱度、pH值、SO42-、NO3-、Ca2+等离子值明显升高,并形成明显的高值区;1982年流域地下水以I、II、III级水质为主,而2003年流域却以IV、V级水质为主,地下水水质呈明显恶化趋势;流域地下水水质的变化与流域森林质量下降以及耕地扩张带来的化肥污染息息相关。     

Bioelectrochemical technology for recovery of silver from contaminated aqueous solution: a review

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A large amount of silver-rich wastewater is generated from different industrial processes. This wastewater is not considered a waste, but a valuable...     

二次有机气溶胶壳对氯化钠核吸湿性的影响:基于单颗粒微观尺度

大气颗粒物吸湿特性能够影响颗粒物的光学效应、云凝结核活性和颗粒物表面的非均相反应特性.目前关于颗粒物内混结构的研究较多,但针对二次有机物对无机盐吸湿性影响的研究还比较缺乏.本研究利用一个2 L的气相流动反应管,实验室模拟α-蒎烯臭氧氧化生成二次有机气溶胶过程,然后以氯化钠为种子气溶胶在流动反应管末端分别收集11、 15和20 h这3组不同时长二次有机物包裹无机盐具有核-壳结构的单颗粒样品.透射电镜结果显示该模拟系统可以制备典型氯化钠核-有机物壳的颗粒,且有机物壳的厚度随着收集时长的延长变厚.单颗粒吸湿系统研究显示,有机物壳会影响氯化钠的潮解点(纯氯化钠潮解点为77%),并且会束缚氯化钠核的吸湿增长,表现如下:11 h收集时长下单颗粒样品中氯化钠核在相对湿度75.5%时开始潮解,并于78%时完全潮解, 85%湿度下吸湿增长因子为2.5; 15 h单颗粒样品中氯化钠核潮解范围为75%～78.5%, 85%湿度下湿增长因子为2.3; 20 h样品中核潮解范围则为76%～83%, 85%湿度下湿增长因子为1.8.本研究结果表明:①二次有机物壳影响并使氯化钠提前吸湿潮解;②有机物壳滞后氯化钠的完全潮解点且有机壳越厚滞后作用越明显;③有机物壳抑制了氯化钠核的吸湿增长因子.该研究表明目前通过大气模式模拟及外场观测手段研究颗粒物吸湿性时应考虑无机盐颗粒表面二次有机包裹层的影响.